st.patrick regional sec
chemistry 11, block a
chemistry 11, block a
Sunday, October 4, 2009 2:16 PM
Today, we learned even more interesting information and here is what we studied:Chemical Nomenclature
-Naming chemical compounds has been a very difficult task and different systems have been used through the centuries
-Today, the most common system is IUPAC for most chemicals:
->Ions (have a charge)
->Binary Ionic
->Polyatomic Ions
->Molecular compounds
->Acids
Chemical Formulas
-Be aware of the differences between ion and compound formulas
e.g. Zn(2+)<-ion charge
BaCl2<- number of ions
Naming Ions
-For metals use the name of the element and add ion
->Al(3+)=Aluminium Ion
-For non-metals, remove the orginal ending and add -ide
->F(-)=Fluorine=>Fluoride
-Polyatomic Ions have special names(see table on your periodic table)
Binary Ionic Steps
1.Write the formula for the cation first and then the formula for the anion.
2.Criss-cross charges moving the numbers below.
3.Reduce ion numbers to lowest common multiples, omit 1 and omit charges .
Multivalent Ions
-Some elements can form more than one ion.
e.g.Iron->Fe(3+) or Fe(2+)
Copper->Cu(2+) or Cu(1+)
-the more common ion is the top one of the Periodic Table
-IUPAC uses roman numerals in parethesis to show the charge
-Classical(i.e.old) systems uses latin names of elements and the suffix -ic(larger charge) and -ous(smaller charge)
E.g.FeO->Ferrous Oxide
Fe203->Ferric Oxide
Other Classical Names
-Ferr->Iron
-Cupp->Copper
-Mercur->Mercury
-Stann->Tin
-Aunn->Gold
-Plumb->Lead
Example: What is the chemical formula for Barium Phosphate?
Answer: Ba3(PO4)2